What are congenital heart defects? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2020 ACC/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. In: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. Echocardiographic evaluation of the mitral valve. In: Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. These types of providers are called pediatric and adult congenital cardiologists. It's best to be cared for by a provider trained in congenital heart conditions. People born with congenital mitral valve anomalies need lifelong health checkups. Sometime people need another valve repair or surgery to replace a valve that no longer works. The specific valve used is chosen by the cardiologist, surgeon and family after evaluating the risks and benefits. Talk to your health care provider about the benefits and risks of each type of valve. If you have a mechanical valve, you need blood thinners for life to prevent blood clots. The tissue valve is also called a biological tissue valve.īiological tissue valves wear down over time. It's replaced with a mechanical valve or a valve made from cow, pig or human heart tissue. In mitral valve replacement, a surgeon removes the damaged valve. If the mitral valve can't be repaired, the valve may need to be replaced. Tighten or reinforce the ring around a valve (annulus) using an artificial ring.Remove excess valve tissue so that the leaflets can close tightly.Separate, shorten, lengthen or replace the cords that support the valve.Separate, remove or reshape muscle near the valve.Surgeons may do one or more of the following during mitral valve repair: Mitral valve repair is done when possible, as it saves the heart valve. Some people may eventually need surgery to repair or replace the mitral valve. If you have congenital mitral valve anomalies, you should have regular health checkups. Treatment depends on the symptoms and how severe the condition is. Other tests, such as a chest X-ray or electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), also may be done. During this test, a flexible probe containing the transducer passes down the throat and into the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach (esophagus). Your provider may recommend another test called a transesophageal echocardiogram. Sometimes a standard echocardiogram doesn't give enough information. This test is also called a transthoracic ultrasound. A computer changes them into moving images. The device records the sound wave echoes from the heart. Sound waves from the device go through the chest to the heart. During a standard echocardiogram, the health care provider presses a device called a transducer firmly against the skin. An echocardiogram can show the structure of the heart and heart valves and blood flow through the heart. In an echocardiogram, sound waves create video images of the beating heart. A heart murmur is a symptom of mitral valve disease.Īn echocardiogram is the main test used to diagnose congenital mitral valve anomalies. The provider listens to the heart with a stethoscope. The health care provider does a physical exam and asks questions about your symptoms and your medical and family history.
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